The Superficialization of Hadith in the New Media Era: Framing Hadith Memes on Modesty (al-ḥayā’) on Instagram
Abstract
The emergence of hadith memes about modesty (al-ḥayā’) on Instagram reflects the trend of digital da‘wah that is concise, visual, and easily accessible, in line with the nature of social media that emphasizes speed and attractiveness in delivering religious messages. This phenomenon presents both opportunities and challenges, as memes can effectively simplify moral values to be quickly received by audiences, yet also risk reducing the meaning of al-ḥayā’ to merely symbolic and visual aspects. This study aims to answer two questions: how the visualization and narrative of hadith memes about modesty are constructed on Instagram, and what factors influence them. Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical method, with documentation as the data collection technique and Robert Entman’s framing analysis as the analytical tool, this research finds that meme content tends to highlight representations of Muslim women and headline typography rather than the hadith text itself, framing modesty as female identity in the public sphere, and linking the decline of modesty to shifting social values due to modernization. This pattern reveals the strategies of content creators in packaging religious messages to appear more appealing, while at the same time narrowing the meaning of al-ḥayā’, which should encompass piety, self-restraint, and spiritual relationship with God. The contribution of this research lies in enriching contemporary hadith studies through a critical perspective on digital da‘wah practices, though it remains limited to the Instagram platform, visual-narrative aspects, and the theme of al-ḥayā’
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